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两侧同时换到之前的修订记录 前一修订版
后一修订版 		前一修订版
gebergen4kicad6 [2022/05/29 01:15]
gongyu 		gebergen4kicad6 [2022/07/04 10:13] (当前版本)
gongyu [2. 上传到PCB厂商]
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-## 第29节：生成Gerber文件并上传给生产厂商+## 第27节：生成加工PCB用的Gerber文件
 [[kicad]] [[kicad]]
  
-  * 生成Gerber文件 +### 1. 生成Gerber文件 
-  * 查看Gerber文件 +几乎所有的[[PCB]]制造商都接受[[Gerber]]文件，它是一种工业标准，任何一种PCB CAD应用都可以生成。这节视频给大家介绍一下如何使用[[KiCad]]生成Gerber文件、如何到制造商的网站上做在线提交。
-  * 上传Gerber文件+
  
 +在这里我们以捷配为例，其它厂商的流程基本都是一样的。
  
-The vast majority of online PCB manufacturers accept Gerber files. Gerber files consists an industry standard, and virtually every PCB CAD application can produce them. In this recipe, you will learn how to export the necessary Gerber files, package them in a Zip archive, and upload them to a manufacturer. For the manufacturer,​ we will use pcbway.com, but the process is very similar across the industry. +捷配是一家总部设在杭州的生产厂商，提供一个月2次免费快板打板并包邮的业务。
- +
-PCBWay is a quality manufacturer located in China. Apart from competitive pricing, they offer a vast range of customisations. While Oshpark aims for simplicity, PCBWay aims to satisfy every conceivable PCB manufacturing desire. +
- +
-In Pcbnew, to generate the Gerber files, follow this process: +
-1. Click on the Plotter button ​  in the top toolbar to bring up the Plot window. +
-2. PCBWay provides information about which Gerber files to produce and the various settings that you will need to enable. Other manufacturers should have similar information available on their website. There are two sets of files that you must create. The first set contains individual files for each layer of the PCB. The second set contains a file for the drill so that the manufacturer can know how to drill the holes and vias. You can see the main Plot window in Figure 31.1. If you are uploading your Gerber to PCBWay, you can set up your Plot window as in this example. Before you click on the Plot button to generate the files, click on the folder button on the top right corner of the window to change the output directory to a new directory. I usually name directories that contain Gerber files '​Gerber'​. Once you set the output directory, click on the Plot button. In the output messages text area, you will see green text indicating that the files were created. Do not close this window yet! +
- +
- ​Figure 31.1: The Plot window, where you create the individual layer files. +
- +
-3. You still need to create the drill files, unless your PCB has no holes. Click on the Generate Drill Files button in the bottom of the Plot window to do that. If you are uploading your Gerber to PCBWay, copy the setting from Figure 31.2, and click on Generate Drill File. This file will be stored in the Gerber directory along with the rest of the Gerber files. You can now Close both Drill and Plot windows. +
- +
-Figure 31.2: The Generate Drill Files window. +
- +
-4. Use your file manager and go to your project’s directory. Have a look inside the Gerber’s directory and confirm that the Gerber files are there. +
-Figure 31.3: The Gerber files inside the Gerber directory. +
- +
-5. Next, you must create a Zip archive that contains the Gerber directory with all the files in it. In Ubuntu, this can be done with a right-click,​ and by choosing the '​Compress...'​ option (Figure 31.4). The Gerber.zip files should be in your project directory (or wherever your archiving utility stored it). +
- +
-Figure 31.4: Create a Zip archive of the Gerber directory. +
- +
-6. Upload the Zip file to a service like gerblook.org to ensure that they are correct. Gerblook will render the board layers, and you can visually inspect potential issues. +
-You are now ready to order your PCB from an online manufacturer using your Gerber files archive. To learn how to do this with pcbway.com please read the next recipe. +
- +
-32. How to manufacture a PCB with PCBWay +
-Now that you have a Zip file that contains your project Gerber files, you can proceed with the upload process. PCBWay wants you to provide some information about your board first before you upload the Zip file. You will need to find out your board’s dimensions, how many layers it has, and decide about the board thickness (Figure 32.1). +
- +
-Figure 32.1: PCBWay requires some information before you upload your Gerber’s. +
- +
-Follow this process to find out the dimensions of your board and complete the ordering process: +
- +
-1. Open your PCB project in Pcbnew. +
-2. Use the Measure Distance tool ( ) from the right toolbar to measure the width and length of your PCB. +
- +
-Figure 32.2: Use the Measuring tool to find out the dimensions of your board. +
- +
-3. Type in the length and width values in the form (Figure 32.3). Choose your desired quantity, number of layers and thickness (1.6mm is a good standard value, only change it if you have a good reason for doing so). Click on Quote Now to go to the quotation page. +
- +
- ​Figure 32.3: The PCB prototype form filled in. +
- +
-4. The Quote page can be overwhelming at first (Figure 32.4). Most of the default settings are safe to keep. The only change that I make is to select the HASL lead-free surface finish since I try to work in a lead-free environment. This page does give you a good overview of the kind of customisations that are possible with PCBWay and why they are worth considering for your project. You can make boards on aluminium or rig-flex boards, with a large variety of thicknesses,​ solder mask colours, and surface finishes. They even support black silkscreen! When you are ready, click on the 'Add to cart' button (not showing in Figure 32.4, this button is on a side panel). This will take you to the upload page. +
-Figure 32.4:Most default options are safe to keep, except for the surface finish. +
- +
-5. In the next step, you are prompted to upload the Gerber Zip archive. +
-Figure 32.5: PCBWay upload facility. +
- +
-6. When the upload is complete, PCBWay’s engineers will check your project to ensure that it is technically valid and manufacturable. You will not be able to check out and pay for your boards until the audit is completed (Figure 32.6). +
-Figure 32.6: Your PCB project is subject to an audit by PCBWay’s engineers before you can checkout. +
- +
-The audit process usually takes a few hours to complete. If all goes well, you will receive an email advising you that you can complete the checkout. Once paid, you’ll have your boards in a few weeks.+
  
 +在[[KiCad]]6中生成[[Gerber]]文件，具体流程
 +  - 在“文件”菜单，下拉，点击“绘制”按钮，打开“绘制”对话窗口，在左上角默认绘制的格式为Gerber
 +  - 系统会根据我们设计的PCB文件自动将需要打印Gerber文件的图层勾选出来，每一个图层会生成一个单独的Gerber文件，我们绘制的虽然是单面板，但元器件在F.cu层，焊盘在B.cu层，还有其它几个重要的层都要打印出来，总计会生成9个层的文件；
 +  - 除了图层文件之外，还要打印钻孔文件，除非你的板子上没有任何穿孔和过孔，厂商可以根据这个钻孔文件信息决定在板子上如何打孔和过孔，包含了“生成转空文件”和“生成映射文件”两个按钮。
 +  - 在生成Gerber文件之前，需要选择输出目录，点击右侧的文件浏览按钮，在工程目录下创建一个专用于Gerber文件的文件夹，一定要取一个比较有意义的名字并加上版本号，比如我们这个工程可以取名为userled_gerber_v1，以便这个工程更新了版本再上传的时候能够区分。
 +  - 设置好输出目录，点击“绘制”按钮，将9个图层的Gerber文件绘制出来
 +  - 点击“生成钻孔文件”按钮，生成钻孔文件，这个文件将和其它9个文件放在同一个目录下面
 +  - 用文件浏览器看一下这个目录下的文件是不是有10个， 在上传之前可以使用Gerber查看器来打开刚生成的Gerber文件
 +  - 上传到捷配的官网，需要一个压缩文件，我们可以把整个目录进行压缩，然后将压缩后的文件上传，制造厂商的后台将会自动解压我们上传的压缩文件
  
 +### 2. 查看Gerber文件
 +使用KiCad6自带的Gerber文件查看器，打开，加载刚生成的Gerber文件。。。。
 +每一层都可以单独查看
  
  
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 <WRAP group> <WRAP group>
 <WRAP half column> <WRAP half column>
-上一节：[[how2use3dviewer|第27节：使用3D Viewer查看板子的3D效果]]+上一节：[[adddecro2pcb|第20节：给你的PCB添加一个装饰性图案]]
 </​WRAP>​ </​WRAP>​
  
 <WRAP half column> <WRAP half column>
-下一节：[[creatschinkicad6|第29节：用EEschema创建原理图]]+下一节：[[kicad6pcbconcept|第22节：PCB设计原则及基本概念]]
 </​WRAP>​ </​WRAP>​
 </​WRAP>​ </​WRAP>​