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2025寒假练 - 基于ice40up5k实现可定时的音乐时钟
该项目使用了ice40up5k，实现了可定时的音乐时钟的设计，它的主要功能为：可定时的音乐时钟。
标签
FPGA
数字逻辑
开发板
fly_lv
更新2025-03-25
18

基于ice40up5k实现可定时的音乐时钟


任务要求：

  1. 使用扩展板上的12颗彩灯对应于12个小时
  2. 核心板上的FPGA产生时钟，在OLED显示评上通过模拟或者数字的方式显示当前的时间 - 小时、分、秒
  3. 将“小时”的信息通过12颗彩灯来显示，效果自行设计
  4. 具有定时的功能，通过扩展板上的按键设置时间，到该时间点即（彩灯闪烁 + 音频播放），持续5秒钟时间
  5. 音频播放通过扩展板上的蜂鸣器来实现

硬件部分

image.png

核心板主要功能特性：

  • 基于Lattice的FPGA - ICE40UP5K
  • 通过LPC11U35进行下载及UART配置/通信
  • 板上一颗R、G、B三色LED，分别连接FPGA的三根专用于驱动LED的管脚39、40、41，可以用于状态显示及数字逻辑实验
  • 一个RESET按键，用于对RISC-V系统进行复位
  • 总计28根输入/输出可用于扩展
  • 同USB直接连接的5V输出以及经板上LDO产生的3.3V直流电压输出，可以给扩展板供电，电流为200mA
  • 板上晶体振荡器时钟产生12MHz供FPGA和LPC11U35工作，FPGA可以通过内部锁相环工作于48MHz。

image.png

扩展板上有：

  • 2个按键输入
  • 4个单色LED
  • 12个WS2812B RGB三色灯
  • 1个姿态传感器
  • 1个128*64 OLED显示屏
  • 1个蜂鸣器
  • 1个可调电位计（用于电压表）
  • 1路音频信号输入（用于示波器）
  • 8位R-2R电阻网络构成的DAC（用于DDS信号发生器）

设计思路

方案框图

image.png

设计思路

1、时间提供：通过12Mhz晶振提供时钟的基准时间

2、闹钟设置：通过扩展板上的按键进行闹钟的设置

3、界面显示：ICE40UP5K通过SPI接口把时间发送到OLED屏幕上。OLED屏幕进行实现的显示时间，WS2812根据时间亮对应的灯

4、音乐播放：通过扩展板上的蜂鸣器进行音乐的播放。

流程图

image.png



界面显示部分

以oled作为显示界面

代码编写

always @ (posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
		if(!rst_n) begin
			cnt_main <= 1'b0; cnt_init <= 1'b0; cnt_scan <= 1'b0; cnt_write <= 1'b0;cnt_chinese <= 1'b0;
			y_p <= 1'b0; x_ph <= 1'b0; x_pl <= 1'b0;
			num <= 1'b0; char <= 1'b0; char_reg <= 1'b0;
			num_delay <= 16'd5; cnt_delay <= 1'b0; cnt <= 1'b0;
			oled_csn <= HIGH; oled_rst <= HIGH; oled_dcn <= CMD; oled_clk <= HIGH; oled_dat <= LOW;
			state <= IDLE; state_back <= IDLE;
		end else begin
			case(state)
				IDLE:begin
						cnt_main <= 1'b0; cnt_init <= 1'b0; cnt_scan <= 1'b0; cnt_write <= 1'b0;
						y_p <= 1'b0; x_ph <= 1'b0; x_pl <= 1'b0;
						num <= 1'b0; char <= 1'b0; char_reg <= 1'b0;
						num_delay <= 16'd5; cnt_delay <= 1'b0; cnt <= 1'b0;mem_hanzi_num<=8'd0;
						oled_csn <= HIGH; oled_rst <= HIGH; oled_dcn <= CMD; oled_clk <= HIGH; oled_dat <= LOW;
						state <= MAIN; state_back <= MAIN;
					end
				MAIN:begin
						if(cnt_main >= 5'd21) cnt_main <= 5'd1;//鎺ヤ笅鏉ユ墽琛岀┖鎿嶄綔锛屽疄鐜版暟鎹彧鍒锋柊涓€娆
						else cnt_main <= cnt_main + 1'b1;
						case(cnt_main)	//MAIN鐘舵€						
													5'd0 :	begin state <= INIT; end
																														
																																					//5'd1 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16;  char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd2 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb1; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16;  char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end												
																			//5'd3 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd4 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb3; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd5 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd6 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb5; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd7 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb6; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end
							//5'd8 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb7; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; num <= 5'd16; char <= "                ";state <= SCAN; end							
														5'd1 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; 
								case(hour_bcd[7:4])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2;
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd2:	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h11; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(hour_bcd[3:0])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0 ;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2 ; 
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4 ;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									6'd7 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd14 ; 
									6'd8 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd16 ;
									6'd9 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd18 ;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end	
								5'd3 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(min_bcd[7:4])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0 ;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2 ; 
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4 ;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end			
										5'd4 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(min_bcd[3:0])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0 ;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2 ; 
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4 ;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									6'd7 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd14 ; 
									6'd8 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd16 ;
									6'd9 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd18 ;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end	
								5'd5 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h16; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(sec_bcd[7:4])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0 ;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2 ; 
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4 ;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end			
										5'd6 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h17; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(sec_bcd[3:0])
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0 ;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2 ; 
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4 ;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									6'd7 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd14 ; 
									6'd8 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd16 ;
									6'd9 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd18 ;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; end
							
														5'd7 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd30 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd8 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd32 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd9 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd38 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd10 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb2; x_ph <= 8'h15; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd40 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd11 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd20 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd12 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb0; x_ph <= 8'h15; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd20 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd13 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb6; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd46 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd14 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb6; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd48 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd15 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb6; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd38 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							5'd16 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb6; x_ph <= 8'h15; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd40 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							// 娣诲姞闂归挓鏄剧ず閮ㄥ垎
							5'd17 : begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h10; x_pl <= 8'h00; 
								case(alarm_hour / 6'd10)
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2;
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4;
									default: mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; 
							end
							
														5'd18 : begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h11; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(alarm_hour % 6'd10)
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2;
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									6'd7 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd14 ; 
									6'd8 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd16 ;
									6'd9 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd18 ;
									// ... 琛ュ厖0-9鐨勫畬鏁存槧灏
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; 
							end
							
														5'd19 : begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h13; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(alarm_minute / 6'd10)
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2;
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
									6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									// ... 琛ュ厖0-5鐨勬槧灏
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; 
							end
							
														5'd20 : begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h14; x_pl <= 8'h00;
								case(alarm_minute % 6'd10)
									6'd0 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd0;
									6'd1 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd2;
									6'd2 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd4;
									6'd3 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd6 ;
									6'd4 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd8 ; 
								
																	6'd5 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd10 ;
									6'd6 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd12 ;
									6'd7 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd14 ; 
									6'd8 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd16 ;
									6'd9 : mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd18 ;
									// ... 琛ュ厖0-9鐨勫畬鏁存槧灏
								endcase
								state <= CHINESE; 
							end
							5'd21 :	begin y_p <= 8'hb4; x_ph <= 8'h12; x_pl <= 8'h00; mem_hanzi_num <= 6'd20 ;state <= CHINESE; end
							default: state <= IDLE;   //濡傛灉浣犻渶瑕佸姩鎬佸埛鏂颁竴浜涗俊鎭紝姝よ搴旇鍙栨秷娉ㄩ噴
						endcase
					end
				INIT:begin	//鍒濆鍖栫姸鎬
						case(cnt_init)
							5'd0:	begin oled_rst <= LOW; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end	//澶嶄綅鏈夋晥
							5'd1:	begin num_delay <= 16'd25000; state <= DELAY; state_back <= INIT; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end	//寤舵椂澶т簬3us
							5'd2:	begin oled_rst <= HIGH; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end	//澶嶄綅鎭㈠
							5'd3:	begin num_delay <= 16'd25000; state <= DELAY; state_back <= INIT; cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1; end	//寤舵椂澶т簬220us
							5'd4:	begin 
										if(cnt>=INIT_DEPTH) begin	//褰5鏉℃寚浠ゅ強鏁版嵁鍙戝嚭鍚庯紝閰嶇疆瀹屾垚
											cnt <= 1'b0;
											cnt_init <= cnt_init + 1'b1;
										end else begin	
												cnt <= cnt + 1'b1; num_delay <= 16'd5;
											oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= cmd[cnt]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= INIT;
										end
									end
							5'd5:	begin cnt_init <= 1'b0; state <= MAIN; end	//鍒濆鍖栧畬鎴愶紝杩斿洖MAIN鐘舵€
							default: state <= IDLE;
						endcase
					end
				SCAN:begin	//鍒峰睆鐘舵€侊紝浠嶳AM涓鍙栨暟鎹埛灞
						if(cnt_scan == 5'd11) begin
							if(num) cnt_scan <= 5'd3;
							else cnt_scan <= cnt_scan + 1'b1;
						end 
						else if(cnt_scan == 5'd12) cnt_scan <= 1'b0;
						else cnt_scan <= cnt_scan + 1'b1;
						case(cnt_scan)
							5'd 0:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= y_p; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end		//瀹氫綅鍒楅〉鍦板潃
							5'd 1:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_pl; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€浣庝綅
							5'd 2:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_ph; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€楂樹綅
							
														5'd 3:	begin num <= num - 1'b1;end
							5'd 4:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end	//灏*8鐐归樀缂栫▼8*8
							5'd 5:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end	//灏*8鐐归樀缂栫▼8*8
							5'd 6:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= 8'h00; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end	//灏*8鐐归樀缂栫▼8*8
							5'd 7:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][39:32]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
							5'd 8:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][31:24]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
							5'd 9:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][23:16]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
							5'd10:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][15: 8]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
							5'd11:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem[char[(num*8)+:8]][ 7: 0]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= SCAN; end
							5'd12:	begin state <= MAIN; end
							default: state <= IDLE;
						endcase
					end
					
										
													
																		
																						CHINESE:begin	//鏄剧ず姹夊瓧
						
												if(cnt_chinese == 6'd38) cnt_chinese <= 1'b0;
						else cnt_chinese <= cnt_chinese+1'b1;
						case(cnt_chinese)    
							6'd 0:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= y_p; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end		//瀹氫綅鍒楅〉鍦板潃
							6'd 1:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_pl; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€浣庝綅
							6'd 2:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_ph; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€楂樹綅
							
														6'd3 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][127:120]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd4 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][119:112]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd5 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][111:104]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd6 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][103:96] ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd7 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][95:88]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd8 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][87:80]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd9 :	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][79:72]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd10:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][71:64]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end 
							6'd11:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][63:56];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd12:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][55:48];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd13:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][47:40];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd14:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][39:32];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd15:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][31:24];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd16:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][23:16];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd17:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][15: 8];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd18:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num][ 7: 0];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end 
							
														6'd19:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= y_p+1; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end		//瀹氫綅鍒楅〉鍦板潃
							6'd20:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_pl; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€浣庝綅
							6'd21:	begin oled_dcn <= CMD; char_reg <= x_ph; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end	//瀹氫綅琛屽湴鍧€楂樹綅
							6'd22:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][127:120]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd23:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][119:112]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd24:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][111:104]; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd25:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][103:96] ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd26:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][95:88]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd27:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][87:80]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd28:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][79:72]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd29:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][71:64]  ; state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end 
							6'd30:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][63:56];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd31:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][55:48];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd32:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][47:40];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd33:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][39:32];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd34:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][31:24];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd35:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][23:16];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd36:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][15: 8];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end
							6'd37:	begin oled_dcn <= DATA; char_reg <= mem_hanzi[mem_hanzi_num+1][ 7: 0];   state <= WRITE; state_back <= CHINESE; end 
                            
							6'd38:	begin state <= MAIN; end
							default: state <= IDLE;
						endcase
					end
					
										
															
																			WRITE:begin	//WRITE鐘舵€侊紝灏嗘暟鎹寜鐓PI鏃跺簭鍙戦€佺粰灞忓箷
						if(cnt_write >= 5'd17) cnt_write <= 1'b0;
						else cnt_write <= cnt_write + 1'b1;
						case(cnt_write)
							5'd 0:	begin oled_csn <= LOW; end	//9浣嶆暟鎹渶楂樹綅涓哄懡浠ゆ暟鎹帶鍒朵綅
							5'd 1:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[7]; end	//鍏堝彂楂樹綅鏁版嵁
							5'd 2:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd 3:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[6]; end
							5'd 4:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd 5:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[5]; end
							5'd 6:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd 7:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[4]; end
							5'd 8:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd 9:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[3]; end
							5'd10:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd11:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[2]; end
							5'd12:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd13:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[1]; end
							5'd14:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd15:	begin oled_clk <= LOW; oled_dat <= char_reg[0]; end	//鍚庡彂浣庝綅鏁版嵁
							5'd16:	begin oled_clk <= HIGH; end
							5'd17:	begin oled_csn <= HIGH; state <= DELAY; end	//
							default: state <= IDLE;
						endcase
					end
				DELAY:begin	//寤舵椂鐘舵€
						if(cnt_delay >= num_delay) begin
							cnt_delay <= 16'd0; state <= state_back; 
						end else cnt_delay <= cnt_delay + 1'b1;
					end
				default:state <= IDLE;
			endcase
		end
	end

时钟部分

module clock (
	input wire rst_n,
	input wire clk,
	output wire [7:0] hour,
	output wire [7:0] min,
	output wire [7:0] sec
	);

wire min_clk;
wire hour_clk;

counter sec_cnt (
		.rst_n(rst_n),
		.clk(clk),
		.carry(min_clk),
		.count(sec)
	);

counter min_cnt (
		.rst_n(rst_n),
		.clk(min_clk),
		.carry(hour_clk),
		.count(min)
	);

counter #(
		.MAX_COUNT(24)
	) hour_cnt (
		.rst_n(rst_n),
		.clk(hour_clk),
		.count(hour)
	);

endmodule


ws2812部分

WS2812B-2020是一个集控制电路与发光电路于一体的智能外控LED光源；其外型采用最新的molding封装工 艺，将IC与发光芯片封装在一个2020的封装尺寸中，每个元件即为一个像素点；像素点内部包含了智能数字接口 数据锁存信号整形放大驱动电路，还包含有高精度的内部振荡器和可编程定电流控制部分，有效保证了像素点光 的颜色高度一致。


对应的时序

image.png


对应的代码编写

always @(posedge clk or negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        state <= IDLE;
        ws <= 1'b0;          // 瀹夊叏鍒濆鍖
        bit_cnt <= 9'd0;
        cycle_cnt <= 4'd0;
        shift_reg <= 288'd0;
        th <= 4'd0;
        reset_cnt <= 10'd0;
    end else begin
        case (state)
            IDLE: begin
                if (led_num_changed || (en != 0 && en != led_num_prev)) begin // 鏂板en瑙﹀彂鏉′欢
                    // 淇鎷兼帴椤哄簭锛堝ぇ绔ā寮忥級
                    shift_reg <= { 
                        led0_color, led1_color, led2_color, led3_color,
                        led4_color, led5_color, led6_color, led7_color,
                        led8_color, led9_color, led10_color, led11_color 
                    };
                    bit_cnt <= 9'd287; // 浠庢渶楂樹綅寮€濮嬪彂閫
                    state <= SENDING;
                end
                ws <= 1'b0;  // 鏄惧紡椹卞姩杈撳嚭
            end

            SENDING: begin
                // 璁＄畻褰撳墠浣嶇殑楂樼數骞虫椂闂
                if (cycle_cnt == 4'd0)
                    th <= shift_reg[bit_cnt] ? 4'd10 : 4'd5;
                
                // 鐢熸垚WS淇″彿锛堝叧閿祴鍊硷級
                ws <= (cycle_cnt < th) ? 1'b1 : 1'b0;

                // 鏃堕挓鍛ㄦ湡璁℃暟
                if (cycle_cnt == 4'd14) begin
                    cycle_cnt <= 4'd0;
                    bit_cnt <= bit_cnt - 1;
                    
                    if (bit_cnt == 9'd0) begin
                        state <= RESET;
                        reset_cnt <= 10'd0;
                    end
                end else begin
                    cycle_cnt <= cycle_cnt + 1;
                end
            end

            RESET: begin
                ws <= 1'b0;  // 鐩存帴璧嬪€紃eg绫诲瀷
                if (reset_cnt < 10'd600) 
                    reset_cnt <= reset_cnt + 1;
                else
                    state <= IDLE;
            end
        endcase
    end
end


时钟所对应的ws2812会变红，其他不亮



按键消抖部分

module key_fliter
#(
parameter CNT_MAX=17'd239_999
)
(
input wire clk,
input wire rst,
input wire key_in,
output reg key_flag
);
reg [16:0] cnt_20ms;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst)
	if(rst == 1'b0)
		cnt_20ms<=17'd0;
	else if(key_in == 1'b1)
		cnt_20ms<=17'd0;
	else if(cnt_20ms == CNT_MAX)
		cnt_20ms<=CNT_MAX;
	else
		cnt_20ms<=cnt_20ms+17'd1;
always@(posedge clk or negedge rst)
	if(rst == 1'b0)
		key_flag<=1'b0;
	else if(cnt_20ms == CNT_MAX-17'd1)
		key_flag<=1'b1;
	else
		key_flag<=1'b0;
endmodule

音频部分

以蜂鸣器作为音频


驱动代码如下


reg [19:0] time_end;

always@(tone) begin
	case(tone)
		5'd1:	time_end =	16'd22935;	//L1,
		5'd2:	time_end =	16'd20428;	//L2,
		5'd3:	time_end =	16'd18203;	//L3,
		5'd4:	time_end =	16'd17181;	//L4,
		5'd5:	time_end =	16'd15305;	//L5,
		5'd6:	time_end =	16'd13635;	//L6,
		5'd7:	time_end =	16'd12147;	//L7,
		5'd8:	time_end =	16'd11464;	//M1,
		5'd9:	time_end =	16'd10215;	//M2,
		5'd10:	time_end =	16'd9100;	//M3,
		5'd11:	time_end =	16'd8589;	//M4,
		5'd12:	time_end =	16'd7652;	//M5,
		5'd13:	time_end =	16'd6817;	//M6,
		5'd14:	time_end =	16'd6073;	//M7,
		5'd15:	time_end =	16'd5740;	//H1,
		5'd16:	time_end =	16'd5107;	//H2,
		5'd17:	time_end =	16'd4549;	//H3,
		5'd18:	time_end =	16'd4294;	//H4,
		5'd19:	time_end =	16'd3825;	//H5,
		5'd20:	time_end =	16'd3408;	//H6,
		5'd21:	time_end =	16'd3036;	//H7,
		default:time_end =	20'd1048575;	 
	endcase
end


资源图

image.png

实物图

807542c567ee274ecb8ab03ff55dec53_720.jpg

心得体会


感谢电子森林举办的寒假练活动，我从中学习到了许多fpga的知识，把这些知识也成功的实践了，

祝电子森林越办越好

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